Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Scope and Relevance of International Humanitarian Law in Modern Conflicts 3. Contemporary Challenges to the Enforcement of IHL 4. Legal and Institutional Barriers to Effective Enforcement 5. Recent Developments and Judicial Precedents (Last 10 Years) 6. Role of International and Domestic Mechanisms 7. Proposed Reforms for Stronger Enforcement of
... Continue Reading.The Linde India Paradigm: When Regulatory Substance Outpaces Compliance Certainty
[Bhoomi Goenka and Saksham Gupta are 3rd year B.B.A., LL.B. (Hons.) students at National Law University Odisha] Related party transactions (RPTs) have long occupied a central place in debates on Indian corporate governance, as they present a persistent structural dilemma in which such transactions are often necessary for efficient business operations while simultaneously functioning as a primary channel for
... Continue Reading.Principles Governing Bail In Serious Offences Apply With Equal Force To Economic Crimes: SC
While displaying complete zero tolerance approach towards economic offences, the Supreme Court in a most learned, laudable, landmark, logical and latest judgment titled Rakesh Mittal vs Ajay Pal Gupta @ Sonu Chaudhary and another in Criminal Appeal of
... Continue Reading.Courts Bound by Statutory Minimum Sentences under the POCSO Act: Bombay High Court Clarifies the Law
The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (POCSO Act) represents one of the most stringent legislative frameworks in Indian criminal law, enacted to combat sexual offences against children through special courts, strict procedural safeguards, reverse burden presumptions, and mandatory minimum punishments. Despite this legislative clarity, sentencing errors at the trial stage, particularly failure
... Continue Reading.Mere Capacity to Earn Cannot Defeat Maintenance Claim, Rules Delhi High Court
In Delhi High Court’s landmark decision in Rakesh Ray v. Priti Ray (CRL.REV.P. 718/2024 and connected matters, decided on 16 February 2026), the Court authoritatively reaffirmed that mere capacity or potential to earn cannot be used as a ground to deny maintenance to a wife. The Court clarified that the decisive test in maintenance proceedings
... Continue Reading.Can a University’s Defunct Status Nullify Earlier Degrees? Supreme Court Ruling
A recurring controversy in Indian service and education law concerns the legal fate of degrees awarded by universities that later lose recognition or cease to exist. Can a declaration that a university was illegally established retrospectively invalidate degrees already earned by students who studied there in good faith? More importantly, can such invalidation justify termination
... Continue Reading.COOPERATION DOES NOT MEAN SELF-INCRIMINATION: SUPREME COURT SHIELDS ARTICLE 20(3) IN NDPS ANTICIPATORY BAIL
INTRODUCTIONIn Vinay Kumar Gupta v. State of Madhya Pradesh, Criminal Appeal arising out of SLP (Crl.) No. 20215 of 2025, decided on 16 February 2026, the Supreme Court of India, comprising Justice Sanjay Kumar and Justice K. Vinod Chandran, set aside the Order of the Madhya Pradesh High Court denying anticipatory bail in an NDPS
... Continue Reading.Can a Magistrate Try Offences Under Chapter IV of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act? Supreme Court Answers
The Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 is a cornerstone legislation regulating the manufacture, sale, distribution, and quality control of drugs and cosmetics in India. Given the public health implications of violations under this law, questions frequently arise regarding who has the jurisdiction to try offences under different provisions of the Act. One such recurring controversy
... Continue Reading.SUPREME COURT HOLDS THAT HOMEBUYER CANNOT BE COMPELLED TO ACCEPT POSSESSION WITHOUT OCCUPANCY CERTIFICATE OBTAINED BY BUILDER
IntroductionThe Supreme Court of India recently delivered a crucial judgment addressing the rights of homebuyers against real estate developers. The decision pertained to a batch of civil appeals, primarily titled Parsvnath Developers Ltd. v. Mohit Khirbat (Civil Appeal No. 5289 of 2022). The connected matters included Parsvnath Developers Ltd. v. Gp. Capt. Suman Chopra (Civil
... Continue Reading.Is Focusing on a Single Decisive Issue Enough? Supreme Court on Judicial Duty
Judicial decision-making is not merely an exercise in arriving at a correct outcome; it is equally about the process by which that outcome is reached. Courts are expected to engage with all material issues arising in a case, give reasons for their conclusions, and ensure that litigants feel heard on every substantial contention raised. A
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